Current Disarmament Efforts in International Relations
The START-1 Strategic Weapons Delimitation Treaty-Moscow signed an agreement on 31 July 1991 between the United States and the Soviet Union to eliminate thousands of long-range nuclear missiles. Through this treaty, the Soviet Union and America would have the same number of nuclear weapons as they had when the negotiations started in 1982. Soviet Union has 10841 warheads and America has 12081 warheads, in which after 35 and 28 percent reduction respectively, Soviet Union will have 7000 and America 9000 warheads. The treaty also provides that each superpower must limit the number of vehicles carrying autonomous nuclear warheads to 1,600. This included intercontinental ballistic missiles,submarine-launched missiles and their launch plants, and heavy bombers. Under the treaty, both the countries will be able to visit each other and observe. This treaty was for 15 years. A new treaty will be terminated before the time expires. If both agree, after 15 years it can be extended for another five years. But the treaty did not include cruise missiles to be launched from the sea. This treaty made an important contribution to the establishment of international peace and security.
START-II (Strategic Weapons Delimitation Treaty | 1) - After the signing of the START-1 agreement, on January 3, 1993 in Moscow, under the second phase of this treaty, the then President of America, George Bush and Russia as the representative of the disintegrated Soviet Union. President Boris Yeltsin signed an agreement. According to this treaty, America and Russia agreed to cut 21,000 nuclear weapons available with them by two-thirds. After compliance with this treaty,in the next ten years (by the year 2003), America will have 3500 nuclear warheads and Russia will have 3000 nuclear warheads. Under this treaty, where on the one hand Russia has terminated all its missiles kept above the earth or in silos, while the American missiles released from the aircraft were limited, but the status quo was accepted of the missiles launched from the submarines. . This was the first time in the history of relations between Russia and America that a US President has stepped into the Russian capital Moscow. This is the reason why this treaty was called the Proclamation of the end of the Cold War between the Soviets and America. The START-11 Treaty came into force on the day of the exchange of MoU s on ratification. As was the case with Start-1. In this treaty, each of its parties had the right to withdraw from the treaty if it considered that their national interests were threatened. CTBT (Comprehensive Nuclear Prohibition Treaty) - After much deliberation,an international convention was held in Geneva in January 1996 for the signing of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, but this partisan treaty (C.T.B.T) was clearly signed by India. agreed with. Through this treaty, while nuclear-armed nations intend to maintain their nuclear supremacy by preventing other nations from becoming members of the nuclear club, the US silence on the explosions by powers like France and China exposes its nuclear bias. . Not only this, America wants to ban only explosive nuclear tests because of its ambition to maintain its nuclear brush. It is noteworthy that the non-explosive nuclear test method is kept out of this treaty. The US is the only country in the world to have developed anon-explosive nuclear test technology, also known as a zero-detonation. Article 1 of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Prohibition Treaty provides that each State Party shall
