Effects of Cold War on World Politics
The Cold War has greatly affected world politics. This created an atmosphere of fear and terror in the world, leading to an arms race. It the United Nations Organization and divided the world into two factions.
Following are the effects of cold war
1. World split into two factions – Due to the Cold War, the nature of world politics became bilateral. The United States and the Soviet Union began to lead two separate factions.Now the problems of the world began to be judged on the basis of this factionalism, due to which the international problems became confused. Whether it is the Kashmir problem or the Korea problem, the Afghanistan problem or the Arab-Israeli conflict, now there is a tendency to think about it from the perspective of factional interests. As a result of the bipolar world politics that developed after the Second World War, the nations involved in these factions had to compromise on their independence. Countries like Romania, Bulgaria were forced to think from the Soviet point of view and France and Britain were forced to see the world from the American point of view. The two-part world politics that arose as a result of the Cold War eliminated the scope for the Golden Mean and gave rise to the feeling that those who are not ours are our enemies.
2. Terror and distrust widened The Cold War terrified nations,terrorized distrust. The differences between the US and Russia have led to deep tension, animosity, estrangement, competition and mistrust in international relations. “The situation has arrived. Various nations and peoples began to fear that when a small spark could lead to the third world war? The Cold War maintained the ‘war cover’. Nehru rightly said that ‘ We are living in the era
3. Fear of the possibility of nuclear war - Atomic weapons were used in 1945. In the atmosphere of the Cold War, it was realized that the next war would be a fierce nuclear war. During the Cuban crisis, the possibility of nuclear war increased. Now people started tormenting atomic terror mentally. The competition for the manufacture of nuclear weapons increased, in the context of nuclear weapons, the structure of the traditional international political system itself changed.
4. Predominance of military treaties and military alliances - Cold War gave birth to military treaties and military alliances in the world. The emergence of military alliances like NATO,SITO, CENTO and Warsaw Pact was the result of the Cold War. This led to the intensification of the Cold War and further complicated the problem of disarmament. In fact, these military organizations put each state in a state of 'constant war' after World War II.
5. Perpetual competition for armament - The Cold War encouraged the race for arms, due to which the plans for world peace and disarmament were tarnished. Kennedy said that the 'Cold War has fueled the arms power, the arms race and the search for destructive weapons'. ,
6. Mechanization of International Politics - Cold War clearly means that the world is divided into two parts - one group is of gods, on one side of demons are black sheep and on the other side are all white sheep. There is nothing between them. This led to the development of the view that those who are not with us are our opponents, the same has become a mechanistic view of international politics.
7. Military outlook nurtured in international politics The Cold War nurtured military outlook in international politics. Now even talking about peace seemed doubtful.Now the meaning of 'peace' was taken in the context of 'war'. In such a situation, the operation of international relations of the peace-time era was considered a difficult task.
8. United Nations The Cold War also hindered the work of world organizations like the United Nations and the union could not take any coercive action due to the conflicting views of the superpowers. Even at times, the position of the Sangh was no more thana mere mute spectator. The platform of the United Nations became the arena of the politics of the superpowers and was made an instrument of political propaganda in the atmosphere of the Cold War. One side opposed the proposals presented by the other side, which made the United Nations a forum for debate where everyone gives speeches but no one listens (Debating society where everybody can talk and nobody needs listen) in the atmosphere of the Cold War The debates remained as dialogues of the deaf.
9. The Security Council was paralyzed due to the Cold War. And became the arena of struggle between East and West of America. In this, the superpowers, because of their conflicting selfishness, reject various peace proposals by vetoes; In fact, there is so much opposition and the use of veto here that it is more appropriate to call it a United Nations rather than the United Nations as a divided and divided United Nations.
10. Neglect of programs of human welfare - Due to the Cold War, the central point of world politics remained confined to the problem of security and many important works related to human welfare became secondary. Due to the cold war, many important problems like hunger,disease, unemployment, illiteracy, economic backwardness, political instability,etc. of the underdeveloped and under-developed countries of the third world could not be solved properly, because the approach of the superpowers was mainly 'power politics'. (Power politics) remained limited.All the above results can be called negative consequences of cold war.
The cold War has also had some positive consequences on world politics, which are as follows:
First, the Cold War gave impetus to the Non-Aligned Movement and the third world nations got a real freedom from colonialism.
Second, the Cold War encouraged peaceful coexistence.
Third, the Cold War accelerated technological and technological advancement,especially the development of nuclear power.
Fourth, the decision-making power in the United Nations was transferred to the General Assembly instead of the Security Council.
Fifth, realism emerged in the foreign policy of nations.
Sixth, in the Cold WarThe 'Balance of Power' was established.
