Liberal Approach in International Relations
Liberal Approach (Approach / Theory) in International Relations Liberal and neo-liberal theories present a different explanation from the realistic theories of international relations. According to liberal thinkers, human beings act according to their conscience, so liberals refute the argument of realism that war is an essential condition of world politics. They also do not agree with the idea that the state is the main agent on the world stage, although they do not deny the importance of the state at all, yet they consider the state as well as multinational corporations, terrorist groups and international organizations as some of the world politics. playing a central role in the areas. state's traditional Liberals in relations emphasize the possibilities of cooperation. According to him, a way of mutual cooperation should be found among the states. The liberal approach to the study of international relations has its origins in the liberal political ideology of the 17th century. as evident from the rise of the modern liberal state
The associated liberal tradition generally views human nature in a positive way. It may be mentioned here that until the middle of the 20th century, most liberal scholars were not scholars of international relations. He was a politician, philosopher, political economist and a common man interested in international relations. The English scholar John Locke is considered the first liberal thinker of the 7th century who believed that modern civil society and Human progress was possible only in a capitalist economy.Important Assumptions of Liberal Approach in International Relations
In the context of international relations, some important assumptions of liberal approach are as follows:
1. Individuals are the primary international agents – interests of the individual and progress of society.are connected with each other.
2. The interests of the states are dynamic, keeping in mind the interests of themselves and others, the interests of the states keep on changing with time because the values of the individuals keep changing.
3. Liberals also take into account the interests and policies of the state and other countries because they believe that the development of liberal democracy emphasizes the concern for the interests of other individuals as their own.
4.The interests of both individuals and states depend on many internal and international circumstances.are affected...happens from.Ultimately the interest is determined by the bargaining power of the states and the individuals.
5. Mutual interests give stability to cooperation in the international system..... Cooperation between states is possible without the intention of using the means of coercion.
Neo-liberal Approach in International Relations (Approach Theory)Neo-liberals are less optimistic about human progress and cooperation than liberals. Neo liberals include liberal scholars from the post-war world. There were many reasons for the lack of optimism among the new generation of liberals. As Zacherand Matthews say, "Neo-liberals do not want to be called idealists like many post-war liberals." Gave."From the academic point of view, neo-liberalism is taken to mean neo-liberal institutionalism. From a policy point of view, neo-liberal approaches to foreign policy promote free trade and free markets, and they promote Western democratic values and their institutions. Inspired by this ideology, most Western liberal democracies supported the United States in the work of 'expansion' of the democratic community and capitalist nation states. The main inspiration of neo liberalism is the belief that the financial and functional institutions established after the Second World War have stood the test of time.
Major Neo-liberal Approach (Approach / Theory) - The following are the main neo-liberal approaches to the study of international relations
1. World State Theory or Approach,
2. Pluralist Theory or Approach,
3. Global Concept,
4. Deterrence Theory,
5. Dependency and Inter-dependence Theory.
